According to the
study “Asia
Bamboo Pulp Industry Situation and Prospects Research report”, bamboo pulp is a
viscous solution of bamboo fibers, water, and chemicals used to production of a
variety of papers and fabrics. Bamboo pulp is very
similar to softwood in terms of fiber length and strength, however, bamboo can also
be pulped together with hardwood. Mix of softwood and hardwood will yield stronger
pulp compared to hardwood pulped separately. Bamboo wood contains high levels
of papermaking fibres because plant cell walls are composed of cellulose which
is the main material used to make paper. The structure and shape of the
cellulose bamboo wood fibre varies from species to species and even within an
individual tree.
Bamboo is a
fast-growing, evergreen plant belonging to the botanical family of grasses. It
is used as a construction material, source of implements, weapons, and
ornaments in several regions of Asia. Several interesting facts and physical
properties of bamboo make it an extremely attractive and highly sustainable
source in the manufacture of many high-grade products such as textiles and
paper. Bamboo is majorly used for pulping. Bamboo chips undergo digestion,
shredding, washing and wet depithing to obtain bamboo pulp. The fibres undergo
chemically digested under controlled pressure drops to open the fibres using
the energy contained in the wet superheated fibres. Bamboo is chipped and
cooked or heated under pressure, in a vessel known as a digester in a solution
of water and chemicals. This process breaks the fibers down into a viscous pulp
after complete digestion. Later, the pulp is subjected to several clarification
stages to remove water, chemicals and suspended impurities. The dry pulp is
compacted into sheets or bales in readiness for distribution. Bamboo fibers
possess strong anti-bacterial qualities which greatly enhance the properties of
items manufactured from bamboo pulp.
The leading
players in Asia bamboo pulp market are Ampack
Corp, Hindustan Paper, Phoenix Pulp and Paper, Panjipol Paper Industry, Siam
Cellulose, The Titaghur Paper Mills, Yibin Paper, Yaan Paper, Guangxi Liujiang
Paper, Guangdong Guangning, Guizhou Chishui, Zhongzhu Group and others.
Bamboo pulp is categorized into two variants such as bleached pulp and
unbleached pulp. Bamboo pulp is used in the manufacture of printing paper,
writing paper, tissue paper, textiles and many more.
Chemical pulping converts
the wood pulp into brown colour which is used for manufacture of packaging as
cardboard and some paper bags. Whiteness is an important characteristic needed
for manufacture of papers used for printing or high quality packaging. The so
called bamboo wood pulp is bleached to obtain white colour and also purifies
the pulp fibres. Bleaching process weakens the bamboo wood fibre but the need
for different paper products with different requirements needs balance between
strength and whiteness. To meet the varying needs of a paper industry, bamboo
pulp mills produce a variety of pulps such as fully bleached, semi-bleached and
unbleached.
Bamboo fibers
possess anti-bacterial qualities that prevent the formation and spread of
bacteria and mildew in fabrics and paper. Bamboo fibers also contain high
concentrations of cellulose resulting in strong and robust end products. Asian bamboo pulp market will witness many
new challenges and opportunities due to advanced technologies. Urbanization,
modernization, and industrialization will drive bamboo pulp market in Asia over
the next few years.
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Ankur Gupta, Head Marketing & Communications
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