According to the study “Autonomous Vehicles - Thematic Research”
suggests that the pioneers of autonomous vehicles, Germany, USA and UK have
passed various legislations. 33 States in USA currently allow the operation of
autonomous cars on public roads. In UK, The government passed a bill to determine
the liability and has also been working policies concerning insurance with
respect to autonomous vehicles. A law was passed by the German parliament to
test the autonomous cars on public roads. Various other countries have also
identifies the inevitable future. With Volvo setting up its self driving car project
in Sweden and Netherlands allowing autonomous car testing back in 2015.
A self-driving car or an autonomous car
is a vehicle that uses a combination of sensors, cameras, radar and artificial
intelligence (AI) to travel between destinations without a human operator. For a car to be fully called as autonomous, a
vehicle must be able to navigate without human intervention to a predetermined
destination over roads that have not been adapted for its use due to frequent
testing.
There are numerous technologies used in
the autonomous vehicles. Onboard cameras and sensors collect vast amounts of
data which are processed in real time enabling the vehicle to travel in the
correct lane and operating safely. Artificial intelligence continuously
improves vehicular performance aided by frequent software updates and new
algorithms via the cloud. Software that automatically performs real-time
calculations enables high-speed decision-making on the road. Satellite-based
global positioning system tracks the vehicle’s location and guides it to its
destination. Cloud based data processing and management tool that analyzes
real-time data such as vehicle speed and surrounding car proximity signaling
the need for actions like braking or lane-switching. Light Detection and
Ranging (LIDAR) technology senses brake lights and changing road conditions.
Radar that is an object detection system using radio waves determines the
presence, distance, angle, and velocity of surrounding objects.
With a more complex and diversified
mobility industry landscape, small players will be forced to compete on
multiple fronts or would be forced to cooperate with competitors. New market
entrants are expected to initially target only specific, economically
attractive segments before potentially exploring further fields.
The market introduction of autonomous
cars has witnessed that the primary challenges impeding faster market
penetration are consumer understanding, pricing or safety and security concern. There
are various technological hindrances involved with self driving industry and would
likely be the reason of delay between conditionally autonomous cars which allow
the driver to take control in certain situations and fully autonomous cars,
which require no driver intervention. Industry veterans suggest that the role
in achieve the reduction of this difference shall be majorly played by tech
players and startups.
The major competition in this field can
be seen from various companies all around the globe. The competition is
intensifying as the technology is being developed further and innovations take
place. Various technologies as well as car manufacturing companies are entering
this attractive segment trying to gain the first mover advantage. Some major
players in this industry are automobile manufacturing giants like General
Motors, Daimler – Bosch, Ford and Renault to name a few. While on the other
hand we have Tech giants namely Google and Apple trying to perfect this
technology. This landscape has even witnessed collaboration between these two sectors
when BMW partnered with Intel to work on their new automotive venture. One
thing to be stated without a doubt is that the future of the automobile
industry will definitely transform into autonomous automobile industry.
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