Coke is a hard, grey, and porous fuel with a high
carbon content & few impurities. It is a solid material, made by
destructive distillation of a mixture of low-ash & low-sulfur bituminous
coals (metallurgical coal or coking coal) in special high temperature ovens in
the absence of oxygen until a larger part of the volatile matter is driven off.
It is an important industrial product, used generally in iron ore smelting. It
is also used as fuel in blast furnace. It acts as a reducing agent and source
of reducing CO gas, a source of heat, a filter of dust & soot, carburizer
of hot metal and as a structural support material. Its strength is commonly measured
by various drum strength indices for instance Micum, ASTM, Irsid and JIS
whereas post-reaction and reactivity strength are measured by the CSR (Coke
Strength after Reaction) and CRI (Coke Reactivity Index) tests.
The key properties are high porosity, high
strength & hardness, high carbon content, and low amount of volatiles.
According to study, “Global
Coke Market 2019 by Manufacturers, Regions, Type and Application, Forecast to
2024”
the key companies operating in the global coke market are ArcelorMittal, POSCO,
Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal, SunCoke Energy Inc., Tata Steel, United
States Steel, JSW Group, Gujarat NRE Coke, BlueScope, Mid-Continent Coal and
Coke Company, ABC Coke, Haldia Coke, Acrelor Mittal, Hickman Williams &
Company, OKK Koksovny, A. S., Ansteel, Baosteel, Sunlight Coking, Wisco, Ennore
Coke Limited, Taiyuan Coal Gasfication, Risun Group, Jiangxi BLACKCAT Carbon Black,
Lubao-Group, Shanxi Coking Coal, Sino Hua-An International Berhad, Mechel Pao,
Drummond Company, Inc., Mitsubishi Corp., Indika Energy, Arch Coal Inc., Rio
Tinto, BHP Billiton, Anglo America, Teck Resources, Xstrata.
Based on type, coke market is segmented into
blast furnace coke, buckwheat coke, nut coke, coke dust, coke breeze. Based on
grade, market is segmented into high ash and low ash. The low ash segment
dominates the market due to high demand from steel manufacturers. Based on
methods, market is segmented into shaking sieve, hot strength of coke (gleeble
devices), coke reactivity tests with Thermo Gravimetric analysis (TGA) &
Blast Furnace Simulator (BFS), Light optical microscopy (LOM) and coke
graphitization degree (XRD) .In addition, based on application, market is
segmented into cement, brick & glass manufacturing, power plant, paper
& pulp, steel making, foundries & ferro-alloy productions and others.
The coke market is driven by increase in steel
production, followed by rise in use of coke as an alternative to coal, increase
in demand from various end-use industries, rapid urbanization, rise in
government initiatives to promote the domestic manufacturing industry, and
growth in energy demand. However, high operational costs of end-users and
availability of raw material may impact the market. Moreover, increase in
technological innovations is a key opportunity for market.
Based on geography, the Asian-Pacific region
holds major share in coke market owing to growth in automotive production and
presence of a large number of steel manufacturing plants in the region. The
European and North-American regions are expected to witness higher growth rate
due to implementation of antidumping duties on steel imports over the forecast
period. It is anticipated that future of the market will be bright caused by
increase in awareness about environmental concerns over the forecast period.
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