According to study, “House Dust Mite Allergy Global
Clinical Trials Review, H2, 2018” some of the
major companies that are currently working in the house dust mite allergy are The
Lundbeck Foundation, Stallergenes Greer plc, Circassia Pharmaceuticals Plc, Kuros
Biosciences AG, Japan Tobacco Inc, Merck & Co Inc, Allergy Therapeutics Plc,
LofarmaSpA, Droege International Group AG, CSL Ltd.
House dust mite (HDM) allergy is
an allergic reaction to tiny bugs that commonly live in house dust. It is
classified by two often interrelated conditions, allergic rhinitis and allergic
asthma. Allergic rhinitisis a type of inflammation in the nose which occurs
when the immune system overreacts to allergens in the air, also known as hay
fever whereas allergic asthma is triggered by inhaling allergens. Dust mites
may be the most common trigger of year-round allergies and asthma. It may not
possible to rid home entirely moreover there are ways in which reduce the allergic
reactions.Dust mites cause allergies in two ways. The first is through their
waste. They produce waste, as they eat, as all organisms do. The second cause
of dust mite allergies is the bodies or body parts of these creatures. As dust
mites die, their remains stay in place.
HDM allergy is a major cause of
respiratory allergic disease.Asthma and eczema are main disease, occur by HDM
allergies. In asthma, some problems are experienced to patient such as
difficulty breathing, chest tightness or pain, trouble sleeping caused by
shortness of breath and wheezing. HDM allergies occur when immune system reacts
to a foreign substance such as pollen, pet dander or dust mites.
Some symptoms of HDM allergies are
sneezing, stuffy, runny nose, postnasal drip, cough, nasal congestion, facial
pressure or pain, itchy nose and swollen or blue-colored skin under your eyes.The
symptoms are typically worse at night and in the morning
because dust mites tend to live in mattresses, pillows and bedding.
There are various medications are
available for the treatment of HDM allergy symptoms, which are; antihistamines,
steroids, chromones, leukotriene receptor antagonists (LTRA), decongestant
nasal drops or sprays.HDM’s diagnosis is involved skin test/blood test and nasal
provocation testing (NPT). In blood test, physicians takes a blood sample and
send it to a laboratory and measure the amount of antibodies patient's blood
produces to attack the allergens.
Some preventive and therapeutic
approaches of HDM allergies are environment control and immunotherapy.
Environmental control measures such as frequently washing cats and dogs, air
filtration, encasing bedding within impermeable covers, and chemicals can
effectively reduce levels of allergens in the home. Immunotherapy is defines by
two therapies: subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) and sublingual immunotherapy
(SLIT). SCIT provides symptomatic relief while modifying the allergic disease
by targeting the underlying immunological mechanism.
Allergic rhinitis affects about 1
out of 4 people in industrialized countries like Germany.SQ HDM SLIT-tablet has
been confirmed in large trials in Europe (adults) and North America (adults and
adolescents), which demonstrates the relevance and robustness of the treatment
in ethnically diverse populations, and sets the highest standard for
evidence-based HDM allergy immunotherapy. In H2 2018, two groups of major
allergens are recognized for HDM allergies. Group1 is glycoprotein of mite,
which shows both structural homology and cross-reactivity. Group2 is Der p,
which has been cloned and sequenced confirming its nature as a protease. It is estimated
that a level of 2µg Der p of dust should be regarded as a risk factor for
sensitization and development of asthma. Additionally the higher level of 10µg
Der p of dust is proposed as a major risk factor for the development of acute
asthma in mite allergic individuals.
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