According to study, “Radiodermatitis Global Clinical
Trials Review, H1, 2018” some of the major
companies that are currently working in the radiodermatitis are ProCertus
BioPharm Inc, Water-Jel Technologies LLC, Avario Health Care Inc, APEIRON
Biologics AG, AbbVie Inc, Futurum Group Pty Ltd, FirstString Research Inc, Efficient
Pharma Management Corporate, Diomed Developments Ltd, Derma Sciences Inc.
Radiodermatitis is an inflammation of the skin caused by
radiation. It is a dose-limiting toxicity. The common sources of radiation
include ionizing radiation, ultraviolet radiation, and thermal radiation. It is
mostly accompanied by prolonged pain and discomfort surrounding the affected
areas. Patients with such a condition are more prone to development of
radiation induced cancers like squamous and basal cell carcinoma. It occurs in
95% of the cases where people receive radiotherapy, with or without
chemotherapy. It generally manifests within a few days to weeks after the start
of radiotherapy. Its onset varies depending on the radiation dose intensity and
the normal tissue sensitivity of individuals. It is confined to areas of skin
that have been irradiated, and the skin changes are sharply demarcated. Some
causes of radiodermatitis are tissue damage, DNA damage and inflamed skin.
General symptoms of radiodermatitis are redness, itching, flaking, soreness,
peeling, moistness, blistering, fibrosis, pigmentation changes and development
of ulcers etc.
Radiodermatitis is classified by two types: acute and
chronic radiodermatitis. Acute radiodermatitis occurs when an "erythema
dose" of ionizing radiation is given to the skin, after which visible
erythema appears up to 24 hours after. Chronic Radiation Dermatitis is caused
by exposure of the skin to ionizing radiation, which is administered as
multiple high-level dose radiation or frequent low-level dose radiation. It is
also classified into four grades. Grade 1 is defined as mild radidoermatitis,
grade 2 is defined as moderate radiodermatitis, grade 3 is defines as severe
radiodermatitis and grade 4 is defined as grave radiodermatitis.
Radiodermatitis for acute phase has some clinical aspects
such as erythema, dry desquamation and moist desquamation etc whereas for
chronic aspect’s clinical aspects are hair loss, pigmentary disorders, altered
sweat and sebaceous gland function, fibrosis, telangiectasia, atrophy and ulceration.
There are many antioxidants are used in radiodermatitis, which are;
polyphenols, pentoxifylline & tocepherol, sucralfate and ascorbate etc. Some
general skin care recommendations are washing, use of deodorants, hair removal,
swimming, band-aids, tape & clothing and sun exposure etc.
Some risk factors are included for radiodermatitis such as
obesity, malnutrition, skin disease, diabetes, application of cream before
treatment and certain infectious diseases like HIV. Some treatment methods are
corticosteroid cream, antibiotics, silver leaf nylon dressing, Zinc and
amifostine etc. There are some things are used that may protect from
radiodermatitis symptoms, which are; organic calendula officinalis extract,
organic aloe vera gel, organic lavender essential oil and organic coconut or
hemp seed oil. Some other beneficial essential oils are used for
radiodermatitis such as tea tree oil, peppermint oil, frankincense, helichrysum
and roman chamomile.
There are many types of additional differential diagnosis
are used in radiodermatitis, which are; fungal infection, pemphigus, erythema
multiforme, toxic epidermal necrolysis, lichen planus, eczema, cellulitis,
contact dermatitis and stevens-johnson syndrome etc. There are many strategies
are used to prevent radiodermatitis such as moisturization of the irradiated
area, use of a mild soap to keep the area clean, and minimizing exposure to
potential mechanical irritants, like scratching and rough clothing.
The global radiodermatitis market is expected to reach USD
442.1 million by 2025.The demand for radiodermatitis treatment is also
accentuated by unmet medical needs of consumers in emerging as well as
developed regions. Increasing focus of government healthcare organizations for
promoting awareness about available treatment products for radiodermatitisis predicted to present the market with high
potential growth opportunities.
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