According to the study, ‘Prosthetic
Heart Valves - Medical Devices Pipeline Assessment, 2018’, some
major companies and institutions manufacturing prosthetic heart valves are Abbott
Vascular Inc, Boston Scientific Corp, HLT, Inc., Medtronic plc, Polyvascular
Corp to name a few. By end user segmentation, there are no clear guidelines
regarding usage of mechanical or biological vales. The prime advantage of
biological valves is that they do not require treatment with war faring but
some problems might emerge after 5-7 years of usage. There are no primary
failures concerning mechanical valves however they require anticoagulation to
prevent thrombosis and thromboembolism which makes the patient susceptible to
bleeding. It is because of these reasons that surgeons prefer to use mechanical
valves in age less than 60 years and biological valve in people more than 60
years of age. Due to recent developments in biological valves, there is a trend
especially in the United Kingdom to use these biological valves in younger
patients.
The human heart can be considered as a
displacement pump working every day of an individual’s life to support the
blood circulation in the body. The heart is a twin pumping mechanism divided
into 2 parts each. One aimed at receiving the blood from the veins and the
other to pump out the blood via the arteries. One of these valves can be
damaged due to reasons such as injury or by birth. Repair of the damaged valve
involves a complete replacement with a device referred to as the prosthetic
heart valve. The first prosthetic heart valve was invented in 1952 when a Plexiglas
cage containing a ball occlude was inserted into the descending thoracic area.
Later, many improvements came along in the device that claimed to improve the
design and overall efficiency of the device. There are primarily two types of
replacement valves. These are mechanical valves and biological valves.
Biological valves are made from tissue of living being especially animal tissue
whereas mechanical valves are manufactured from chemical and industrial
materials. A new type of valve was developed beginning of the 21st
century that is referred to as the Transcatheter valves. These consist of
biological tissue mounted within an expandable stent.
The needs of the world are set to change
rapidly. Currently a vast percentage of population that undergoes open heart
procedures is conducted in countries representing a very small portion of the
total population. As developing countries increase their per capita funds, the
number of young patients suffering from rheumatic diseases will increase. Also,
as the population of the developed countries begins to age the degenerative
diseases will catch up. These trends shall shift the research into new variants
of valves which would be characterized by physiological function, durability
and not require warfarin. New Research is being conducted to develop
biochemical valves and also, new oral coagulants are being developed which
could make the mechanical valves safe and effective.
Huge potential lies in the heart valve
industry and is expecting to see a strong growth rate in the future due to
increasing awareness and financial capability of individuals all around the
globe.
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Ken Research
Ankur Gupta, Head Marketing & Communications
Sales@kenresearch.com
+91-9015378249
