Iron
and steel industries are the backbone of any economy portraying the performance
and development of the country. Iron and steel are extensively used in various
manufacturing industries and are the most recyclable materials available on
Earth. It was observed that any country’s economy significantly depends upon
the industrialization. Therefore, industrial evolution in Europe is likely to
witness a demand for iron and steel products. Rapid urbanization, rising level
of disposable income, and growing population are projected to be the major
market drivers for cold rolling flat steel industry in Europe. It was estimated
that there is a huge investment in infrastructure sector which will continue
over the next few years with a positive impact on the cold rolling flat steel
industry.
Cold
rolled steel is basically hot rolled steel that is again processed in cold
reduction mills. Hot rolled steel is cooled at room temperature followed by
annealing and tempers rolling which produces steel with closer dimensional
tolerances. Cold rolled flat steel is used in the manufacture of all steel
products; however, the products manufactured usually refer to the rolling of
flat rolled sheet and coil products. All cold rolled steels are produced in
bars and usually referred to as cold finishing because it undergoes cold
drawing and/or turning, grinding and polishing. This cold rolled flat steel
process results in higher yield, high tensile strength that avoids costly
thermal treatments, gets rid of surface imperfections, narrows the original
size tolerance range and improves surface finish. All cold rolled steel
products provide a superior surface finish, superior in tolerance,
concentricity, and straightness compared to hot rolled steels. It is hard to
work on cold rolled steel bars due to the low carbon content and it is
typically annealed, making it softer than hot rolled sheet. The corrosion in a
cold-rolled steel sheet surface requires an aqueous electrolyte to get in
contact with such surfaces. Cold-rolled steel is free from corrosion at
relative 100% humidity, steel surface is free of contaminants, surrounding
atmosphere is uncontaminated, and condensation is avoided by keeping the
temperature constant.
According
to the study “Europe
Cold Rolling Flat Steel Industry Situation and Prospects Research Report”,
the cost of iron ore is very volatile in nature due to its huge demand in
various manufacturing industries. Cold-rolled flat steel products are supplied
through direct suppliers or third-party suppliers. Majority of the manufacturers
in Europe adopt the forward integration technique which enables them to sell
their products directly to customers. Europe witness a high consumption of
cold-rolled flat steel products due to rising population, demand for durable
and quality products. Cold-rolled flat steel industry is highly competitive due
to multiple manufacturers. The leading players in cold rolling flat steel in
European market are Ansteel Group, Baosteel Group, JFE, Gerdau, Evraz Group,
Hebei Steel Group, CSC, Arcelormittal, Essar Steel, POSCO, United States Steel
Corporation, Thyssenkrupp AG, Voestalpine Group, Steel Authority of India
Limited and SSAB. Cold rolling flat steel in Europe market is categorized based
on product types such as low carbon steel, medium carbon steel and high carbon
steel. Various applications of cold rolling flat steel in Europe are in
building & infrastructure, automotive, mechanical equipment and others.
Europe
consumes large volumes of cold-rolled flat steel sheets and strips in the
manufacture of different types of materials such as carbon, alloy, stainless
and tool depending on the applications. Cold-rolled flat steel products are
used in industrial applications, architecture, and transport industries on
account of its benefits such as corrosion resistant, good adhesive properties,
welding properties, light-weight and strong nature. Cold rolled flat sheets are
best suitable for manufacture of electrical appliances, automobiles, and other
commercial applications such as chain parts, automotive AT parts, automotive
clutch parts, sprocket gears and automotive seat belt parts. Cold-rolled flat
steel plates are thick and are produced on either discrete plate mill or a
coiled plate mill. The plates are made based on various applications such as
low-alloy, heat-treated and high strength which are used for logging equipment
and mining equipment. Major applications of cold-rolled flat steel plates are
in construction of bridges, buildings, ship building, offshore structure, hydro
power station, storage tanks, boilers, pressure vessels and machinery owning to
properties such as high tensile strength, atmospheric corrosion resistant,
seawater resistant and abrasion resistant.
There
is a huge demand for cold-rolled flat steel products in various industries and
the trend is expected to continue due to its advantages compared to other
materials such as resistance to shock, corrosion, cost efficiency, environment
friendly and safety. The major industries utilizing cold-rolled flat steel in
Europe are the automotive and the construction sectors which drives the
utilization of cold-rolled flat steel products. The use of cold-rolled flat
steel in automobiles has led the manufacturers to achieve anticipated standards
of strength and protection for vehicles at comparatively low costs. However,
increasing focus towards fuel efficiency and weight reduction of automobiles is
expected to hinder the growth of Europe’s cold-rolled flat steel market in
automotive application over the next few years.
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